Spermidine Trihydrochloride (CAS: 334-50-9)

What is spermidine trihydrochloride?

Spermidine trihydrochloride (CAS: 334-50-9) is a compound formed by combining spermidine and trihydrochloride.

Spermidine trihydrochloride is usually available in powder form, It is the trihydrochloride form of spermidine, so spermidine trihydrochloride has better stability, but spermidine trihydrochloride is very sensitive to air.

Spermidine trihydrochloride is widely used in medical and life science research. It regulates metabolic processes within cells, promoting cellular health and function. Spermidine trihydrochloride also has important effects in anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, and treatment of various diseases.

Biological/Chemical action

Common chemical reactions of Spermidine hydrochloride:

Reacts with strong acids to form corresponding salts.

Oxidation by oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide forms oxidation products.

Form complexes with some metal ions, these complexes have important applications in the fields of coordination chemistry and catalysis.

The amino groups of Spermidine hydrochloride can participate in modification reactions of amino groups, such as acetylation, methylation, etc.

Under appropriate conditions, Spermidine hydrochloride may participate in the reduction reaction and transform into reduced products with different chemical properties.

Biological actions

Spermidine Trihydrochloride inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; can be used to purify DNA-binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.

Uses of spermidine 3hcl

1. Biochemistry: Spermidine trihydrochloride is used as a reagent in biochemical research. It is used to study the structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids.
2. Agriculture: Spermidine trihydrochloride is used as a fertilizer to increase crop yields. It is also used to protect crops from pests and diseases.
3. Cosmetics: Spermidine trihydrochloride is used in cosmetics to improve of skin and hair. It is also used to protect the skin from sun and pollution damage.
4. Nutrition: Spermidine Trihydrochloride is a dietary supplement used to improve health. It is thought to aid in cell growth and division, as well as wound healing and immune function.
5. Anti-aging: Spermidine 3hcl has been researched to prove its anti-aging potential. It can promote autophagy (the process of removing waste in cells) and help cells remove harmful substances and damaged proteins, thereby maintaining the healthy state of cells.
6. Cell protection: Spermidine 3hcl has anti-oxidant properties, can neutralize free radicals, reduce oxidative stress damage, and protect cells from damage.
7. Drug delivery carrier: Spermidine 3hcl can be used as a carrier of a drug delivery system. It can interact with drug molecules and promote the delivery of drugs to specific cells or tissues, improving the efficacy of drugs.
8. Biological research: Spermidine 3hcl can be used as a cell culture reagent for research on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, etc. In addition, it can be used for DNA and protein precipitation, binding, and analysis.
9. Chemical synthesis: Spermidine 3hcl can be used as a starting material or intermediate in chemical synthesis to participate in organic synthesis reactions to synthesize complex organic compounds.

Application examples of spermidine trihydrochloride:

DNA extraction and restriction endonuclease digestion.
Nuclear transplantation.
During the chemical analyses of the squid species Todaropsis balance.
As one of the agents in intercalating drugs.
Platelet aggregation.

It may be used in the synthesis of palladium complexes like [sperH3]2[PdCl4]3, [PdCl2(sperH)]2[PdCl4], and [(PdCl2)3(sper)2] by reacting with K2PdCl4 and PdCl2.

Preparation method of spermidine trihydrochloride

There are many synthetic methods for spermidine trihydrochloride, one synthetic method will be introduced in detail below, and the following is an overview of the synthetic steps.

Add Boc-protected aminobromide (295 mg, 1.21 mmol) to a solution of nitrobenzenesulfonamide and potassium carbonate (560 mg, 4.05 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (5 mL).

The mixture was stirred and reacted at 80 degrees for 14 hours.

After the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, then potassium carbonate (224 mg, 1.62 mmol) and thiophenol (124 microliters, 1.22 mmol) were slowly added to the reaction mixture, and the resulting mixture was stirred and reacted for 1.5 hours.

After the reaction, the reaction mixture was poured into water, and the reaction mixture was extracted three times with chloroform.

The organic layer was separated and washed successively with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and saturated aqueous sodium chloride.

The reaction mixture was then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solid sodium sulfate was removed by filtration, and the resulting filtrate was concentrated in vacuo.

Compound A was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-methanol-isopropylamine 45:5:1).

To a solution of the prepared compound A in dichloromethane (1 ml) was added trifluoroacetic acid (0.5 ml), and the resulting mixture was reacted with stirring at room temperature for 15 minutes.

The reaction solvent was then removed in vacuo, the residue was dissolved in 1M hydrochloric acid, and the solvent was removed in vacuo.

After repeating this process twice, the solid was recrystallized from ethanol to obtain the target product spermidine trihydrochloride.

Safety and risk

Caused convulsions in acute intraperitoneal studies in rats and mice.
Strongly irritating to the skin and eyes, and may cause respiratory irritation.